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The three-tier approach to sustainability design encompasses a holistic framework that targets various aspects of building performance and environmental stewardship. Focused on basic building design, passive systems, and mechanical equipment, this methodology prioritizes creating structures that are not only functional but also energy-efficient and environmentally conscious.

Basic building design refers to the fundamental principles of architecture and engineering that contribute to energy efficiency and sustainability. This includes the orientation of the building, materials used, and overall layout that leverage natural light and ventilation.

Passive systems are integral to this approach because they capitalize on natural energy flows, such as using sunlight for heating or prevailing winds for cooling, thereby reducing reliance on active mechanical systems. By implementing effective passive design strategies, buildings can maintain comfortable indoor environments with minimal energy consumption.

Mechanical equipment represents the active systems installed in buildings for heating, cooling, and ventilation. In the context of sustainability, the focus is on selecting efficient technologies that work in tandem with the passive systems and basic design to minimize energy use and environmental impact.

This integrated focus ensures that sustainable design is not just about one element but involves a comprehensive view that combines architectural strategies with effective systems to achieve high performance in energy efficiency and environmental sustainability.